Burrell: 'I really wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This article includes descriptions of discriminatory language and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in professional rugby brought his career to an early conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the sport, displaying digital communications and recalling training ground "comments" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to retire because of what occurred," he told reporters.
"I hoped to continue competing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were investigations going on.
"That was difficult - I had to simply accept the outcome and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body investigation in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather sufficient evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also encountered prejudice within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him win 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I've had several traumatic experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a extended period you just learn to think that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was eventually motivated to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the professional game."
"We has placed considerable attention on diversity and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work completed both prior and after Luther Burrell came forward and revealed his encounters of racism and classism," it continued.
"The organization are ongoing work with teams and partners in the professional game to strive for a culture of acceptance but acknowledge this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and PWR club now has in-person education on creating welcoming cultures, with its success monitored via individual reports and surveys.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to step in and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film about his experiences.
"We know it has had this impact on you and finished your career, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sibling died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in his hometown, maintains his work to make the sport more open.
His charitable organization aims to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and support them succeed on and off the field with free sports coaching, guidance and nutrition education.
"My intentions are genuine, I want to see the progress of the game and if nobody else is willing to tell their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just doing this for myself," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it perhaps the more confident others will become about discussing their own stories as well.
"I take the bull by the horns and keep carrying this banner and continue supporting this weight and accomplish what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely think that the sport has the potential to change their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022